Time-Synchronized Safety-Critical Attitude Control for Spacecraft with Hardware-in-Loop Validation

A time-synchronized controller is proposed to solve the time-varying constrained reorientation problem. Time-Synchronized Stability (TSS) that considers the interrelationships among different state errors plays an important role in our method, enabling synchronized convergence of individual error components while ensuring compliance with state constraints. Compared to traditional sliding mode controllers, the efficiency of our safety-critical attitude controller is imporoved without adding computational burden, as evidenced by improved control energy consumption and reduced convergence time. A hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) experiment confirms its practical deployment capabilities.