Prevalence and Factors Affecting the Practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding amongst Women Attending Clinics in Enugu State

Abstract Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is a baby’s first vaccine, protecting them against many common childhood illnesses. Despite a high awareness of EBF, only 48% of newborns are exclusively breastfed worldwide, according to the United Nations Children’s Fund. Objectives: This study investigated the prevalence and factors affecting the practice of EBF among women attending clinics in Enugu State. Materials and Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in three healthcare centres, involving 600 women aged 15–49 years, with at least one child over six months. Data were collected through questionnaires and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 30.0. Results: The response rate was 72% with a 98.6% awareness and 64.4% having ever practiced EBF. Significant factors that influenced their practice included attendance at antenatal and post-natal care clinics (92.1%), support from mothers (73.1%) and spouses (80.6%). Predictors of EBF practice were employment status and number of children. Conclusion: High awareness was met with a high prevalence of EBF relative to some earlier studies in the state. Recommendations include flexible work policies, encouragement of cultural practices that provide breastfeeding support and special support for mothers with lower parity and sick infants.