Prevalence of Hypertension in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Hypertension frequently coexists with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular and kidney complications. This dual burden escalates morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the need for early detection and effective management. However, there is limited research on hypertension prevalence among T2DM patients in Bangladesh. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and to identify associated risk factors in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh, from June 2022 to December 2022. A total of 83 T2DM patients were selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0, focusing on demographic characteristics, diabetes duration, body mass index (BMI), glycemic control, and blood pressure readings. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension in T2DM patients was found to be 70.1%. Among the hypertensive patients, 42.2% had Stage 1 hypertension, while 27.9% had Stage 2 hypertension. Hypertension was significantly associated with the duration of diabetes, poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7%), and a BMI greater than 25 kg/m². Conclusion: Hypertension is highly prevalent among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, with poor glycemic control and obesity being significant risk factors. Regular monitoring and effective management of hypertension in T2DM patients are essential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications. Scholars Middle East Publishers