Legal Regulation of the Technological Policy and the Development of Critical Technologies in Russian and the PRC

The purpose of the article is to develop solutions to improve legal approaches to technology policy in Russia. The research methodology undertaken in this article consists of a comprehensive examination of contemporary approaches to technology policy and critical technologies in Russia and China. Conclusions. In the context of geopolitical transformation, widespread restrictive economic measures, and a crisis in supply chains, the processes of ensuring technological sovereignty are of particular importance. Legal instruments play a key role here, since they set vectors, variations and form the order of ensuring the technological development of the country, as well as the stable use of critical technologies. It is proposed to bring current regulatory legal acts in the field of technology policy and critical technologies into line so that further regulation of critical technologies does not conflict with basic, conceptual, list acts in this area. Scientific and practical relevance. The analysis of legal approaches to technology policy allows us to conclude that it is necessary to systematize, taking into account the experience of the PRC, legal regulation of science, innovation, industrial and technology policy. The conclusions formulated and the analysis carried out can be used to improve the current Russian legislation, as well as in the practical activities of lawyers.