TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY OF RUSSIA. CURRENT ASPECTS

The article examines the concept of technological sovereignty, the goals and objectives of its achievement, determining the role of technological development in the development of the Russian economy, ensuring national and economic security. The factors contributing to the achievement of technological sovereignty are noted, such as innovation and investment activity, development of technology and human capital. Based on statistical data for 2016–2023, an analysis of investment activities related to fixed capital is carried out, an assessment of the state of fixed assets is given. It has been established that the depreciation of fixed assets in industry is high, the rate of renewal and investment volumes are insufficient to modernize the equipment fleet and update technologies to a level acceptable for technological development. Particular attention is paid to the indicators of research and development in the Russian economy, a dynamic and comparative analysis of research and development costs is carried out. A number of problems that hinder the solution of technological sovereignty problems are noted. The need for a complete replacement of foreign equipment and technologies with domestic analogues is questioned. Technological sovereignty should involve a reasonable balance of protectionist measures and measures to integrate the Russian economy into the global economic space.