Review on the effect of Cobalt oxides on oxygen evolution

Cobalt oxides, particularly cobalt (III) oxide (Co₃O₄) and cobalt (II) oxide (CoO), have garnered significant attention as efficient catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting processes. OER is a critical step in electrochemi-cal energy conversion technologies, such as in water electrolyzers and fuel cells, for generating hydrogen gas from water. Cobalt oxides offer several advantages, including relatively low cost, good catalytic activity, and high stability, which make them viable alternatives to noble metal-based catalysts like iridium and ru-thenium oxides