Does the thermodynamic arrow reverse—total entropy changes in cosmic space to be zero: infinite thermodynamic cycles
There discovered that the global "precipitation-runoff-evaporation" cycles formed the largest thermodynamic cycles on Earth, and the "creation- extinction" reincarnation of stars in the universe formed the largest thermodynamic cycles in the metagalaxy space. Both of these largest cycles defy the the principle of entropy increase of second law of thermodynamic: which asserts that the entropy of actual macroscopic thermal processes in nature will continuously increase to tend to its maximum. It can be seen that in large-scale space, that is, in the environment where the gravitational field has controlling effect on the thermomolecular motion, an actual macroscopic thermal system will violate the second law of thermodynamics and spontaneously move from disorder to order, and then from order to disorder spontaneously, thus forming a thermodynamic cycle. However,in the small-scale space, that is, in the environment where gravitation (gravity) has no substantial effect on the motion of hot molecules, the actual macroscopic thermal processes are irreversible or positive entropy change processes, without exception, in line with the second law of thermodynamics about the principle of entropy increase, but they will eventually be integrated into the adjacent large-scale space of the thermodynamic cycle, becoming a component. The above large reincarnation, large and small thermal cycles are all over the universe, and circulating for generations, forming the infinite thermodynamic cycles, in which positive and negative entropy changes account for half, symmetrical distribution, and the total entropy change approaches zero, that is, the cosmic space entropy is conserved.
Authors
- Guan Zhong
Institutions
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Water Resources Planning and Design (CN)
Publication Details
- Published
- 2025-03-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3064955
- Primary Topic
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00