An in vitro evaluation of effectiveness of chitosan, Citrus aurantifolia, and Sapindus mukorossi on the pushout bond strength of AH plus and gutta-percha

Background: The goal of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of natural irrigants on the push-out bond strength (PBS) of AH plus and gutta-percha (GP). Aim: The aim is to evaluate the effect of chitosan and a combination of Citrus aurantifolia (CA) and Sapindus mukorossi (SM) on the PBS of AH Plus and GP. Methodology: Thirty mandibular premolars were selected. Using a 15-k file canal patency was confirmed and samples were decoronated to a 15 mm standard length. Three groups have been established based on the irrigating procedures used with the samples. Group 1 ( n = 10): 3 mL 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 1 min and 17% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 1 min; Group 2 ( n = 10): 3 mL of a 2:1 ratio of CA and SM solution; and Group 3 ( n = 10): 3 mL of 0.2% chitosan. Samples were finally rinsed with 5 mL of distilled water. After being dried, samples were obturated using the corresponding GP and AH plus. At the coronal level, 2 mm of horizontal sections were made, and the PBS was tested. ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s tests were employed to statistically assess the results, using a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The highest PBS was observed in Group 1 (2.22 MPa), and Group 2 (1.3 MPa) showed the lowest PBS values. Conclusion: Irrigation with NaOCl/EDTA and chitosan showed better results compared to the CA and SM combination regarding the PBS of AH plus and GP.