Exploring the causal effects of physical activity, diet, and nutrition on hypertension and hyperlipidemia: a multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis

The study suggests a positive association between low-calorie diets and hypertension, as indicated by significant results from weighted median and IVW analyses. Other dietary factors, physical activity, and calcium supplementation exhibited varied or non-significant effects on hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. These findings highlight the need for further research to understand the underlying mechanisms and support the development of effective public health interventions.