Review on the effect of Iron oxides on oxygen evolution

Iron oxides exhibit significant research value and broad application potential in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). As a crucial step in clean energy technol-ogies such as water electrolysis and metal-air batteries, OER is constrained by sluggish reaction kinetics and high overpotential, making the development of efficient catalysts essential for improving its efficiency. Due to their abundant reserves, low cost, environmental friendliness, and tunable electronic structure, iron oxides have become a focal point in OER catalyst research. In recent years, researchers have significantly enhanced the catalytic performance and stability of iron oxides through strategies such as nanostructure optimization, doping modification, and defect engineering. This paper reviews the latest progress in OER research on iron oxides and discusses the key challenges in further im-proving their catalytic stability and hydrogen production efficiency.