The frequency of parathyroid insufficiency after total thyroidectomy

Background: Parathyroid insufficiency is an essential risk factor after total thyroidectomy. A significant amount of patients, especially females are suffering from thyroid disorders mostly. Severe disorder needs thyroidectomy which is associated with hypoparathyroidism. Objective: This study revolves around the determination of the frequency of parathyroid insufficiency after total thyroidectomy with some secondary objectives. The secondary objective includes finding the demographic data of the patients and determining the total calcium level after thyroidectomy and serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level after total thyroid surgery. Methodology: This is a yearlong prospective observational study. The study was centered at the Department of Otolaryngology at Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The patient presented with a history of thyroid disorders and scheduled for thyroid surgeries are the primary population in this study. With ethical considerations, a total of 50 patients were enrolled in this study in 2019. Results: The demographic data represents the male-female ratio in this study was 1:3.14. The mean age of patients who underwent thyroidectomy is (39.40 ± 10.23), whereas, most of the study subjects belong to 31-40 age ranges. A significant 38% of patients are also noticed aged >41 years. Hypoparathyroidism (24%) and hypocalcemia (20%) affected the patients after total thyroidectomy. Total thyroidectomy with neck dissection was performed in a total of 20% of patients. Among them, 14% and 12% of patients reported about hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcemia. Serum iPTH level (pg/ml) in the 3rd POD also joins the likewise results to S. calcium and both of the investigations show normal results after 1 month of operations in most cases. Conclusion: Total thyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy with neck dissections are medical procedures that come with several risk factors. Good surgical monitoring of patients is invaluable and helps in the early detection and management of such complications.