Deployment of Demand Response and Battery Energy Storage for Frequency Support in Power System Network with High penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

Among the challenges of high participation of non-fossil energy sources in the generation mix of a power system network is keeping the system frequency nadir within permissible limits during a major power system contingency event. In this work, battery energy storage system and demand response are deployed to offer frequency supports during the loss of the largest single generating unit. Three scenarios of renewable energy penetrations (namely 10%, 30% and 50%) are considered in this work. Simulation results showed that at 10% renewable energy penetration battery energy storage and demand response provided frequency back-up that helped in keeping the frequency nadirs at 59.83Hz and 59.84Hz respectively. Without these supports the frequency nadir would fall to 59.68Hz which is below the acceptable frequency threshold. However, at a high penetration level of 50%, demand response alone could not provide much support (frequency nadir being 59.50Hz) but BESS and combination of BESS and demand response provided sustenance of the frequency nadirs to 59.78 Hz and 59.90Hz respectively.