Control Strategies and Battery Management for Hybrid Energy Systems and Electric Vehicles

Battery management systems (BMS) play a vital role in enhancing battery performance, ensuring safety, and prolonging lifespan through accurate monitoring, temperature control, and cell balancing. Several energy management strategies have been developed to optimize the distribution of power between energy sources, leading to improved fuel efficiency and better vehicle performance. This paper provides an in-depth review of control strategies and battery management for hybrid energy systems and electric vehicles will be presented. A systematic methodology was employed which involved an extremely thorough and careful approach to identify, select, and evaluate an appropriately connected research documents. The employed methodology included developing of search keywords, search for information from Scopus database, screening and choosing studies based on predefined criteria and synthesizing the findings. This study will examine recent developments in electric vehicle charging, hybrid energy systems, energy harvesting, and solar technologies, focusing on control methods, power conversion, and optimization. It will also explore microcontroller-based systems in energy, robotics, and healthcare. The research will conclude with proposals for future studies, providing direction for ongoing advancements in these areas.