Fault Detection and Diagnosis Techniques for Power Cables: Methods, Applications, and Simulation-Based Validation

Effective fault detection and diagnosis in power cables play a vital role in maintaining the reliability of power systems. A variety of techniques have been introduced to identify, categorize, and locate faults in both transmission and distribution networks. This study aims to review fault detection and diagnosis techniques for power cables by focusing on methods, applications, and simulation-based validations. The study methodology included a targeted search on Scopus (2019–2023), yielding 49 relevant articles on underground cable fault locators. A bibliographic map with 35 key terms was created using VOSviewer, and the clusters were analyzed, organized in Excel, with key findings documented. Observed review findings includes a wide range of issues relating to fault detection, and distance fault locators for underground cable fault systems. The constant development and implementation of many technologies and approaches to guarantee the precise efficiency of power cable network systems is one important factor that stands out in the literature. This study is crucial as it explores advancements in fault detection for XLPE and subterranean cables, improves fault diagnosis and localization, addresses soft fault detection, and examines challenges in securing submarine cables, along with computational methods for enhanced accuracy in fault detection.