Nature and technology connection profiles of the child population in Spain

Today's socio-cultural landscape tends to alienate people from direct contact with nature, leading to a nature deficit. Current studies show that younger generations are overexposed to screens. Childhood is a key stage for exploring the effects of this connection-disconnection between nature and technology on children's development. This article aims to identify possible connection-disconnection profiles to enable the development of adapted and updated educational programs. To this end, this research uses a survey method using a self-administered questionnaire with 32 items and eight dimensions (four related to nature and four related to technology), aimed at the study of children aged 9–11 years old, with a sample of 2583 boys and girls throughout Spain. For analysis, biplot and cluster classification methods were used to identify six groupings that capture the complex behavioral patterns of this group. Each cluster presents specific characteristics of connection-disconnection between nature and technology, requiring legislators and educators to personalize educational models and programs. • Children maintain a high level of connection with nature and medium with technology. • Six profiles of connection-disconnection with nature and technology identified. • A greater connection with nature does not seem to imply less technology consumption. • Higher levels of parental control are linked to a greater connection with nature. • The absence of parental control gives way to technology.