Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation: Contemporary Approaches and Future Perspectives

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice and is associated with a significantly increased risk of thromboembolic events, heart failure and mortality.The aim of this review is to summarize contemporary approaches to AF prevention, highlighting the importance of modifying risk factors and future prospects for managing the condition.An analysis of recent literature reveals that lifestyle interventions, such as regular moderate physical activity, smoking cessation and moderate alcohol consumption, are fundamental to reducing the risk of AF.Adequate control of comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, also plays a crucial role in primary prevention.In addition, emerging pharmacological therapies, such as SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists, have shown benefits in reducing the risk of AF.An integrated and personalized approach, combined with advances in pharmacological therapies, represents a promising strategy for the prevention of AF, contributing to improved clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients.