Advanced Characterization of Archaeological Ceramics

The characterization of archaeological ceramics involves mineral composition studies of the ceramic mass and investigations of associated organic residues. Analyses of the mineral composition of the ceramic mass are conducted to determine the origin of the raw materials, the production technologies used to create the ceramic, and the history of the objects. Contemporary ceramics research pays much attention to analyzing organic residues, which provide valuable information about the diet, cooking practices, and vessel use of ancient communities. This article discusses examples of the use of various analytical techniques, with particular emphasis on spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. The crucial importance of validating research methods and interdisciplinary cooperation is also discussed.