Exploring Consumer Evaluation and Ethical Determinants of Livestock Products Produced with Animal Welfare

This study examined the ethical determinants of consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for livestock products prepared while ensuring the animal welfare.The analysis used structural equation modeling with random parameter logit models.The Results showed that consumers felt generally positive about animal welfare -certified butter.Additionally, both utilitarian and obligatory animal ethics, which contradict ea ch other in traditional ethical theories, were found to coexist in consumers and increase their WTP for animal welfare -certified butter.