Assessment of TyG Index and Modified TyG Indices in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evaluating Their Potential as Predictors of Glycemic Control

Introduction The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and modified TyG-indices have been suggested as a reliable indication of insulin resistance. The present study aimed to investigate the predictive utility of TyG index and modified TyG indices (TyG-waist circumference, TyG-body mass index, TyG-waist-to-hip ratio, and TyG-waist-to-height ratio) for assessing glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The present hospital-based cross-sectional study recruited 383 T2DM patients. On the basis of HbA1c levels, patients were grouped into poor glycemic control (n=168) and good glycemic control (n=215). Baseline and biochemical parameters including TyG and modified TyG indices were compared between the groups. We used a Spearman correlation analysis to look for an association between TyG and TyG-related indices and glycemic control. We conducted receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to evaluate the predictive capability of TyG-index and modified TyG indices in assessing poor glycemic control in T2DM. Results T2DM with poor glycemic control had significantly elevated TyG and modified TyG indices when compared to those with good glycemic control. The TyG index and modified TyG indices showed a strong correlation with glycemic control in individuals with T2DM. The TyG index exhibited greater predictive capacity for poor glycemic control as compared to the modified TyG indices. Conclusion Patients with T2DM who are treated in clinical settings with limited resources may benefit from using the TyG index to evaluate their glycemic control.