Hormonal and Biochemical Profile of Follicular Cyst and its Responsiveness to Hormonal Therapy and Trans-gluteal Aspiration Technique in Crossbred Cattle

Background: Artificial Insemination is being extensively used for genetic improvement and upgrading the genetic makeup of cattle in the Indian subcontinent and was mainly based on production parameters like milk production and feed conversion efficiency. Attempts to increase milk production over certain limits resulted in the reduction of reproductive efficiency and occurrence of some reproductive disorders (Arunmozhi et al., 2023). The increased production has also been reported to result in ovulatory abnormalities, predominantly ovarian follicular cysts, which results in reduced fertility (Jeengar et al., 2014). The present research work was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the hormonal therapy for follicular cyst and trans-gluteal aspiration technique for correcting non-responsive ovarian follicular cyst in crossbred cows. Methods: The crossbred cows presented with the history of more than six insemination and with nymphomaniac behavior for the past 5 months were included in the present study. Among the nymphomanic cows, 25 animals which were observed having follicular cyst, based on rectal and ultrasonographic examination were selected. Incidence of follicular cysts were categorized on the basis of side of ovaries, size of cyst, follicular wall thickness, number of cystic follicles, breeds, lactation and response to the hormonal treatments. The blood samples were collected to estimate the level of estradiol and progesterone in the affected cows. Further, the serum and cystic fluid collected were analyzed for biochemical parameters. The conception rate was also recorded in the treated and trans-gluteal aspiration technique adopted cows. Result: Cows (n=25) were treated with buserelin acetate (Day 0), prostaglandin F2 alpha (Day 7) and again buserelin acetate (Day 9). It was found that 14 cows (56.0 %) responded and 11 cows (44.0%) were found to be non-responsive to hormonal therapy. Trans-gluteal aspiration of follicle was performed in these eleven cows along with modified Ovsynch protocol. Trans-gluteal approach was found to be effective with 72.73 per cent recovery without any consequences and only 27.27 per cent recurrence was documented. Hence, this technique can easily be adopted in field for correcting non-responsive follicular cyst in cows.