Efetividade da terapia antirretroviral na redução da carga viral em pessoas vivendo com HIV no Sudoeste de Goiás, Brasil

Introduction: The person living with HIV (PLHIV) without adequate treatment has lymphocyte depletion, thus leading to a state of immunodeficiency. Thus, for the virus to be suppressed and PLHIV to have a good quality of life, also reducing transmission and favoring virus control, it is necessary to use antiretroviral therapy (ART). Objective: To verify the effect of antiretroviral drugs on viral suppression in HIV-infected patients. Methods: This is a descriptive, longitudinal and quantitative study, in which 95 medical records of patients newly diagnosed with HIV infection were evaluated, between 2018 and 2020, monitored by the Testing and Counseling Center and Specialized Outpatient Service (TCC/SOE), from the municipality of Jataí, Goiás, Brazil. Sociodemographic, clinical and immunological information contained in the medical records was collected. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, using the BioEstat 5.3 program, adopting p<0.05. Results: The study showed a predominance of males (71.6%), with a median age of 30 years, single (68.4%), heterosexuals (44.2%), with exposure through sexual intercourse (98.9%). The most used therapeutic regimen was tenofovir + lamivudine + dolutegravir (87.8%), being adequate for increasing CD4+ T lymphocyte count (p<0.001) and decreasing viral load (p<0.001) in the period between exams, of 9 months and 6 months respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded, according to the proposed method and objective, that ART was efficient in reducing the viral load and improving the immune system of PLHIV treated at the TCC/SOE in Jataí, emphasizing the importance of early treatment.