Review of the dynamic response of water electrolyzer

Abstract This paper is an overview of the issue of electric dynamics and the modelling of hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The work describes the issue of the usage of a pulsing electric field on an electrolyzer. Furthermore, it points to the main aspects of parameter evaluation of an equivalent electric circuit of the electrolyzer and describes its components. It also contains a description of reversible and neutral voltage, as well as voltage drops due to ohmic, diffusion, and activation overpotential. It explains the double layer behaviour and diffusion capacity as primary elements of the electrolyzer’s capacitive behaviour. The paper also explores the potential of utilizing these internal capacities to increase current density through an electrolyzer while maintaining the same voltage potential or to reduce the voltage potential by using the same current density by applying a pulsing electric field. Additionally, it discusses the possibilities concerning the design of new converters to power water electrolyzers.