Historical Development of Japan’s E-Government: A Comparison of its Characteristics with Global Trends

This study aimed to analyze the historical development of e-government in Japan in light of global trends, mainly with reference to the situation in the US and UK. The maturity models of the United Nations, European Union, and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) were used for time-series comparisons spanning from 1994 (when the first e-government promotion plan was made) to 2022. This study analyzed why the departments responsible for e-government control have varied and what the characteristics have been of Japan’s guiding principles compared to Europe and the US. Finally, this study explored the reasons for the “delays” in Japan’s e-government within their socioeconomic context.