Seismic modeling of complex hydrocarbon traps in shot domain and data processing to obtain stack-migration sections

This study aims to model the seismic reflection responses of channel, bioherm and anticlinal type hydrocarbon traps, which are important in hydrocarbon exploration, in a shot domain and to obtain migration sections. The calculation of the model data was carried out with the two-dimensional acoustic finite difference method due to the possibility and convenience of selecting different trap models on an arbitrary. The effects of the geometry and discontinuities of the trap structures on the reflection waves were examined, the extent to which data processing applications contributed to the noise problems were tested, the initial geological model and zero-offset sections were compared, and the causes of the problems were discussed. Consequently, in hydrocarbon exploration in complex geological environments, pre-stack shot data modeling instead of post-stack modeling contributes to the development of data processing workflows with optimal processing parameters. This approach significantly improves the reliability of interpretations by increasing the consistency of seismic sections with the real geologic structure. In addition, reducing the risks in determining hydrocarbon reserves in complex geological environments, enables safer and more efficient resource extraction and provides the basis for sustainable and economically viable innovative approaches in the energy sector.