Thyroid Cancer: Epidemiological Profile and Therapeutic Management

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, with an increasing incidence, particularly among women. This retrospective study, conducted over five years at CHU Ibn Rochd in Casablanca, analyzes the epidemiological, clinical, pathological, and therapeutic aspects of 48 histologically confirmed cases. The results highlight a significant female predominance, an average patient age of 49.94 years, and papillary carcinoma as the most common histological type. The majority of patients presented with an isolated cervical nodule, with ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration biopsy playing key roles in diagnosis. Total thyroidectomy was the preferred surgical approach, followed by radioactive iodine therapy and hormone replacement therapy. Postoperative complications were limited, with a favorable overall prognosis. Early detection and optimized therapeutic strategies remain essential for improving patient outcomes.