Effects of Boron Additive to Engine Fuels and Oils on Combustion, Performance and Emissions of Internal Combustion Engines

Most of internal combustion engines (ICEs) use fossil fuels which are estimated to finish in near future. Researchers are investigating ways to improve existing fuels performance one hand while trying to find alternative fuels to petroleum fuels on the other hand. Mainly studied subject by ICEs is to ensure efficient combustion of fossil fuels and reduce petroleum fuels consumption and emissions. Best practical and economical method to achieve this is using various fuel additives. Boron is considered as a promising additive for fossil fuels. Boron is extremely explosive and flammable when meeting the certain conditions and no gas emission is emitted unlike conventional fuels as a result of this exothermic reaction. Due to these beloved features, studies have been performed since 1950s by boron as an alternative fuel. However, specially designed combustion system and pure oxygen are desired for using pure boron. Boron also seems promising additive for improving combustion of fossil fuels due to its higher energy density. It can increase efficiency and reduce fuel consumption and emissions when added to fuels. Advances in nanotechnology facilitated boron addition into fuels and oils. This study investigated effects of boron addition into fuels and oils on combustion, performance and emissions.