Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia, Iron Deficiency in Pregnant Women Seeking Care at The Center for Disease Control in Dong Nai Province, Vietnam

Background: Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a significant public health issue among pregnant women, contributing to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Despite national iron supplementation programs, anemia persists as a prevalent condition in Vietnam, particularly in underserved areas. This study aims to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of anemia and iron deficiency among pregnant women attending the Center for Disease Control in Dong Nai Province, Vietnam. Methods: A crosssectional descriptive study was conducted on 320 pregnant women in their first trimester attending prenatal care at the Dong Nai Center for Disease Control. Result: The findings revealed that the prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency, and iron-deficiency anemia were 18.12%, 13.44%, and 11.25%, respectively. Significant risk factors for anemia included severe pregnancy nausea (p < 0.001), inadequate dietary diversity (p < 0.001), and lack of early iron supplementation (p = 0.038). However, no statistically significant correlation was found between anemia and BMI, educational level, socioeconomic status, or maternal age. Conclusion: Anemia and iron deficiency remain prevalent in early pregnancy. Early prenatal screening and nutritional interventions, including iron supplementation and dietary modifications, are essential to reduce the burden of IDA.