Garcinia gummi-gutta's Effect on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Induced in Rats and Its Anti-Obesity Properties

This study evaluated the effects of Garcinia gummi-gutta (L.) N.Robson (GG) on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO)-induced in rats and its anti-obesity properties. Fifteen Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control, 10 mg/kg Aqueous Extract of Garcinia gummi-gutta (AEGG), and 20 mg/kg AEGG. PCO was induced using Letrozole-oestradiol, confirmed by vaginal smear tests and weight gain. AEGG was screened for phenol (125.66±1.07 µg/mL) and flavonoid (102.66 ± 0.38 µg/ml) content, with its highest concentrations at 20 mg/mL. Pancreatic lipase inhibition showed AEGG’s anti-lipase effect (66.24%) at 100 μg/mL, compared to orlistat (98.7%) at 1 μg/ml. Rats received 20 mg/kg of AEGG demonstrated the highest significant reduction in body weight (203.8 g ±1.45 SD) and serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels (1.24 mIU/mL) compared to the 10 mg/kg group and control group. Anatomical examination showed a normal uterus and reduced ovarian cysts in both AEGG-treated groups compared to the control. AEGG, particularly at 20 mg/kg, significantly reduced body weight, LH levels, and reproductive anatomy in PCO-induced rats, while demonstrating potential anti-obesity effects despite lower lipolytic activity compared to orlistat. The study suggests that AEGG at 20 mg/kg offers benefits in managing PCO and preventing obesity.