Healthcare-Associated Infections in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Strategies and Risk Factors

This study analyzes Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs), focusing on prevention, risk factors, and control strategies. Using a prospective, multicenter observational approach, data from multiple NICUs were analyzed based on CDC criteria. The results showed an overall HAI incidence of 18%, with premature newborns at higher risk (30%). Bloodstream infections were the most prevalent (45%), followed by pneumonia (25%) and surgical infections (15%). The most common pathogens included Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli, with notable antimicrobial resistance. Findings highlight the need for strict infection control, continuous staff education, and multidisciplinary collaboration. Public health policies should enhance epidemiological surveillance and infection prevention protocols to improve neonatal outcomes.