Artemisia Afra and Artemisia Annua against pulmonary tuberculosis

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a major global health challenge. The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) necessitates the exploration of alternative therapeutic options. Artemisia afra and Artemisia annua are two medicinal plants used historically in traditional medicine to treat various ailments, including respiratory diseases. Researchers have discovered that extracts found in the two plants, such as artemisinin and certain flavonoids and flavones, have significant anti- TB effects. This review evaluates the potential of Artemisia Afra and Artemisia Annua in treating pulmonary tuberculosis, focusing on their pharmacological properties, preclinical, clinical studies, and their potential integration into TB treatment regimens.