Characterisation of the Mineralogy, Durability and Physical Properties of Two Earth Mortars: An Experimental Study

Abstract Mortars composed of a blend of earth and cement are widely employed in masonry, particularly in the construction of earth blocks. This study is primarily focused on investigating the influence of mineralogical and chemical constituents on the mechanical characteristics of two types of mortars. Furthermore, we have assessed the water absorption coefficient of these mortars, which vary in cement content, with the aim of enhancing their longevity. The findings reveal a significant enhancement in compressive strength, attributed to the interaction between calcium hydroxide in cement and clay minerals containing silico-aluminous compounds. Importantly, the incorporation of cement not only affects the macroscopic properties concerning particle size fractions but also heavily depends on the mineralogical composition, particularly the clay content. Moreover, the addition of cement results in a reduction in water absorption, whereas an increase in magnesium oxide content within the clay leads to higher water absorption rates.