SMART GRID AND CHALLENGES OF GRID SUPPORT BY E-MOBILITY

This paper explores the role of electric vehicles (EVs) as new grid elements, focusing on the technological and legislative prerequisites necessary for their optimal integration. The widespread adoption of renewable energy sources (RESs) introduces significant unpredictability in energy generation and uncertainty regarding grid capacity to accommodate RES electricity. This necessitates a paradigm shift in network planning to effectively manage these uncertainties. A smart grid (SG) integrates the actions of generators, consumers, and prosumers, relying on advanced metering infrastructures (AMI), two way communication (such as PLC), advanced energy storage (ES) solutions, data management, big data analytics, and cyber-physical security. These technologies, particularly ES systems, are essential for the effective operation of EVs as new network entities. SG planners face numerous challenges, including establishing criteria for the design and construction of charging stations (CSs) and addressing various legal aspects. This paper also examines modern trends in this field and the impact of traffic electrification on ageing distribution networks (DNs). Are e-vehicles exclusively compatible with smart grids?