Health care policies, drug costs, and time toxicities in biologics for HER2-positive breast cancer: cost minimization analysis of direct and indirect costs

Dual HER2 therapy use remains high in Singapore, reflecting the priority of treatment efficacy. Indirect cost savings may offset the higher direct costs. Reducing time toxicity and extending care to the community is pivotal to cancer patients with constrained timeframes. These findings provide valuable insights for decision making in health care policy and negotiations with drug companies to ensure s.c. formulations are affordable.