Modeling and Fault Characteristic Analysis of Grid-forming Electrochemical Energy Storage

With the extensive application of energy storage technology, electrochemical energy storage has become a hot solution for addressing the challenges of integrating new energy sources into the grid. However, the switching between charging and discharging modes and the differences in control strategies can all impact the fault characteristics of energy storage systems. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of their fault characteristics. This paper establishes a grid-forming energy storage power station system model based on the system topology and control strategies of energy storage power stations. It simulates the differences in characteristics under normal operation and fault ride-through scenarios in both charging and discharging modes, and analyzes the reasons for these differences. Finally, a grid-forming energy storage power station simulation model is built on PSCAD, providing a reference for subsequent research on the protection and control strategies of grid-forming energy storage grid-connected systems.