Frequency Estimation for Energy Rate-Based Forced Oscillation Source Identification Using Its Properties on Modes Decomposed by Matrix Pencil Function

Forced oscillation (FO) source identification prevents the impending threat to power system security. This article proposes a methodology to accurately estimate FO frequency for source identification. The matrix pencil function (MPF) is modified to eliminate noise-singular values from synchronized measurements to obtain accurate oscillatory modes. The method calculates FO modes and its frequencies using bus measurements across the system. The method, thereby, harnesses near-to-zero damping, multimeasurement, and multibus presence characteristics for estimating accurate FO frequency. The rate of forced energy (ROFE) is then calculated using the measurements at this forced frequency to identify the oscillation source. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on the WECC 240-bus test system and tested for actual oscillation measurements in the Indian grid. The results and comparative assessment validated the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method for forced mode decomposition and source identification.