Temperature Data Approximation Using Rossby Waves

Wave processes of various scales play an important role in the dynamics of the atmosphere, serving as mechanisms for energy exchange between its layers. This study focuses on the approximation of planetary-scale atmospheric wave activity, specifically Rossby waves, using satellite temperature data from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS). Rossby waves arise due to the latitudinal gradient of the Coriolis force, balancing changes in the pressure gradient force. We consider a nonlinear optimization problem for temperature data using multiple Rossby waves. By employing the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) method, the parameters of Rossby waves are optimized. The error decreases as we increase the number of Rossby waves. A final error using six Rossby waves is 19 $$\%$$ , which is acceptable in a physical context, considering the presence of short-wave disturbances in the atmosphere, such as internal gravity waves. These findings show that our procedure provides an accurate prediction for temperature data.