Study of the Medicinal Plant <i>Flueggea virosa</i>: Review on Its Uses and Some Phytochemical and Biological Properties for the Last Decade

Many infectious diseases are treated with antibiotics and antivirals. But the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant strains and mutant microorganisms has made antimicrobial resistance a major global health threat, as drugs previously effective against infections are no longer effective. Pathogens have developed resistance to antimicrobial agents, resulting in more infections and deaths. Medicinal plants and microorganisms were the major source of medicines over many centuries. It is well known that plants contain several metabolites. These are active against many diseases. Plants have been found to have a range of beneficial effects, from fighting parasites to treating various diseases. Among them, several Flueggea species are used in traditional medicine. Flueggea virosa is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing up to 6 metres tall. Its bark is grey-brown and sometimes cracked or rough. Leaves and stems of this plant (F. virosa) have long been used for their medicinal properties in traditional medicine in the world. While modern research has yet to catch up with traditional knowledge, preliminary studies support the plant’s potential for many therapeutic uses, particularly in the treatment of inflammatory, infectious, and digestive conditions. This study highlights some of the key work carried out (medicinal, chemical and pharmacological properties) on Flueggea virosa over the last ten years, with a view to further research and applications.