Systematic literature review on AI-based mathematics teaching and learning: Focusing on the role of AI and teachers

The purpose of this study is to explore research trends on AI-based mathematics teaching and learning.For this purpose, a systematic literature review was conducted on 57 literatures in terms of research subject, research method, research purpose, learning content, type of AI, role of AI, and role of teachers.The results indicate that student accounted for the largest proportion at 51% among the research subjects, and quantitative research was the highest at 49% among the research methods.The purpose of study was distributed as follows: effect analysis 44%, theoretical discussion 35%, case study 21%.'Numbers and Operations' and 'Variables and Expressions' covered learning contents most, and Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) was used the most among the types of AI. 'Student teaching' was the largest parts of role of AI at 40.4%, followed by 'teacher support' at 22.8%, 'student support' at 21%, and 'system support' at 15.8%.The role of teachers as 'AI recipients' was highlighted in earlier studies, and the role of teachers as 'constructive partner with AI' was highlighted in more recent studies.Also, role of teachers was explored in pedagogical, AI-technological, content aspects.Through this, follow-up research was suggested and the roles that teachers should have in AI-based mathematics teaching and learning were discussed.