Health worker experiences on the integration of digital health tools for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer services in Rwanda

Cervical cancer poses a significant global public health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Rwanda, where access to preventive measures and screening is limited. The World Health Organization (WHO) urges nations to intensify efforts in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, screening, and cervical cancer treatment. However, challenges in implementation persist. Digital health interventions have gained attention as potential solutions to enhance the effectiveness and accessibility of these interventions. This study assesses users’ experiences, including acceptability, satisfaction, and integration of digital health interventions for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening in Rwanda. Using a qualitative approach, the study engaged 15 participants using purposeful sampling to ensure data saturation and maximum variation. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with key informants in selected Rwandan healthcare facilities that currently use digital health interventions for HPV vaccinations (e-tracker), and cervical cancer screening and treatment (mUzima app). Interviews with key informants were audio-recorded, transcribed, and manually coded for thematic analysis to extract common themes and patterns. Anonymous quotes were used to illustrate these themes. User experiences with digital health interventions, particularly regarding usability, acceptability, and satisfaction, were largely positive. Nevertheless, transitioning from paper-based to digital systems has presented challenges, including limited computer literacy among users, initial resistance to change, and a shortage of necessary equipment. Factors such as leadership commitment, technical support, and supervision have been critical in the successful implementation of these digital interventions. The study offers valuable insights into the advantages, obstacles, and methods to improve adoption and effectiveness of digital health interventions in cervical cancer prevention, aiming to reduce the disease burden in Rwanda. The findings also provide potential global insights for similar initiatives in cervical cancer prevention, suggesting broader applicability and significance of this research in other contexts.