Metal–Organic Frameworks-Based Microrockets for Controlled and Sustained Drug Release

Gastritis, linked to chronic stress and poor diets, poses significant risks, including ulcers and gastric cancers. Current treatments involving frequent dosing of multiple drugs face challenges with patient nonadherence and antibiotic resistance. To overcome these issues, metal-organic framework (MOF)-based microrockets utilizing a zinc-powered engine were engineered with pH-sensitive coatings for targeted gastritis treatment. These microrockets can self-propel into the gastric mucus via bubble propulsion and slowly release pharmaceutical ingredients from MOF components. A poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) shell and pH-sensitive enteric coating is designed for protection of MOFs in acid while allowing sustained drug release at the mucosa's neutral pH. In vivo studies demonstrate these microrockets sustain a prolonged drug retention for 48 h. This biocompatible design represents a promising strategy for active and controlled drug delivery with sustained release in acidic environments, presenting the potential for diverse biomedical applications.