Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Non‐Extubation in the Operating Room Following Elective Pediatric Neurosurgery—A Prospective Observational Study

A significant proportion of children are not extubated immediately after elective pediatric neurosurgery. Higher ASA grade, lower cranial nerve palsy, prolonged surgery, intraoperative complications, and higher blood transfusion increase the risk of delayed extubation. Non-extubation in the OR is associated with poor postoperative outcomes of neurological decline, in-hospital mortality, and longer duration of hospital stay.