Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Trigonella foenum-graecum Extract-Loaded Transferosomal Gel in Freund's Complete Adjuvant-Induced Rat Models.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and joint damage. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antiarthritic activity of Trigonella foenum-graecum (TFG) Transferosomal gel in a Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model and compare it with Diclofenac gel, a standard anti-inflammatory drug. Methods: Arthritis was induced in rats by injecting a 0.1 mL (1mg/ml) CFA suspension into the left hind foot in the subplantar region, allowing them to develop arthritis for 21 days. Results: Arthritis induction led to a significant increase in paw volume, indicative of inflammation. Treatment with both TFG-transferosomal gel and Diclofenac gel significantly reduced paw volume, demonstrating their anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, TFG-transferosomal gel reduced arthritic scores, indicating its potential to ameliorate arthritic symptoms. Both treatments also improved locomotor activity, suggesting relief from pain-induced hypoactivity. Furthermore, biochemical analysis revealed that TFG-transferosomal gel effectively reduced inflammatory enzyme activity and mediator levels, comparable to Diclofenac gel. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of TFG-transferosomal gel, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic option for managing arthritis-associated inflammation and symptoms. Further research is warranted to elucidate its mechanisms of action and assess its clinical utility.