Legal Implications for the Protection of Indonesian Geographical Indication Products

Indonesia ratified the establishment of the World Trade Organization on November 2, 1994, through Law Number 7 of 1994 concerning the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in which the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement was included as part of the ratification. This ratification has juridical implications for the harmonization of intellectual property laws, including geographical indications, which are registered signs or labels used for characteristic products with distinctive qualities that are directly linked to the environment of their origin. This article aims to analyze the legal framework governing geographical indications and the implementation of legal protection for potential geographical indication products in Indonesia. This research employs both normative legal research and empirical legal research methods, utilizing a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, and a case-based approach. The findings of the study indicate that: The legal framework for geographical indications has supported the protection of potential geographical indication products in Indonesia at both national and international levels. The implementation of legal protection for potential geographical indications in Indonesia in 2023 covered a total of 138 registered geographical indications, consisting of 123 local products from 34 provinces and 15 foreign products. However, this figure is not comparable to Thailand’s registered geographical indications in 2023, which amounted to 189 geographical indication, comprising 171 local products from 77 provinces and 18 foreign indications from 9 countries.