MECHANISM OF RESISTANCE TO TRASTUZUMAB (HERCEPTIN): AN OVERVIEW

This paper performs a comprehensive description of Trastuzumab resistance and possible remedy mechanism. Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody used to treat HER-2 positive breast cancer. However, resistance to Herceptin is a significant clinical challenge. This review discusses the mechanisms of resistance to Herceptin, including increased activity of growth factor receptors, alterations in signaling cascades, and insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling. The role of PTEN loss, PI3K/AKT pathway activation, and HER-2 receptor truncation in Herceptin resistance is also explored. Strategies to overcome resistance, such as combining Herceptin with other therapies or targeting alternative signaling pathways, are discussed. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance to Herceptin is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.