Antibiotic Prophylaxis During Cesarean Section in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department of the Donka National Hospital, Conakry

<i>Objective: </i>To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis during cesarean section in the Gynecology-Obstetrics department of the Donka national hospital in Conakry. <i>Methodology: </i>This was a prospective case-control analytical study lasting 3 months involving 250 patients undergoing cesarean section. The short protocol included 125 patients who received a single dose of 2g of antibiotics intraoperatively after cord clamping while the other 125 patients (long protocol) received antibiotic therapy for 48 hours after the procedure. <i>Results: </i>The sociodemographic profile of the patients was the same in both arms. The mean age of the patients was 24 years with extremes of 14 and 42 years; the 20-24 age group was the most represented (31.2% vs 32.8%). Our series was dominated by primiparas (40% vs 42%). The main mode of admission was evacuation (78.4% vs 64%). The main early postoperative complication encountered was fever (8.2% vs 13.2%) followed by surgical site infection (4% vs 12%). Bivariate analysis shows a statistically significant association between the occurrence of postoperative fever and the long antibiotic protocol (p = 0.028) and this protocol is a protective factor against surgical site infection (p = 0.013). And is more frequently used in the context of emergency cesarean section (p = 0.011). <i>Conclusion: </i>Antibiotic prophylaxis is as effective as antibiotic therapy and thus represents a significant health saving for our countries.