Advancements in Elucidating the Mechanisms of Central Nervous System Damage Induced by Infrasound Exposure

Infrasound, defined as sound waves with frequencies below 20 Hz, is gaining attention for its potential effects on human health, particularly the central nervous system (CNS). It can impact the CNS through direct and indirect mechanisms, such as damaging neuronal membranes, interfering with neurotransmitter release, altering intracellular signaling, and compromising the blood-brain barrier. These effects may cause neuronal dysfunction, neurotransmitter imbalances, increased oxidative stress, and inflammation, affecting mood, cognition, and memory. This review summarizes the current understanding of infrasound's impact on the CNS and its underlying mechanisms, aiming to provide a foundation for future research and applications.