Mapping the Evolution of Paramedicine Education

Background: Paramedicine education faces challenges in aligning curricula with evolving practice. Despite updates, our study reveals minimal change since 2018, especially post-transition from the Council of Ambulance Authorities to Paramedicine Board of Australia accreditation. Updates in cultural competency and interprofessional education are noted, but primary healthcare integration remains inadequate, showing a critical gap between education and practice needs. Aim: This study assesses the alignment of paramedicine curricula in Australian higher education with evolving practice scopes, focusing on essential components for primary healthcare preparedness. Design: Using a sequential meta-synthesis approach, integrating consensus evaluation via the Delphi method (2018) and RESPIGHT care model analysis (2024), the study examines paramedic curricula from 2018 to 2024. Settings: Data from sixteen Australian higher education institutions offering paramedicine programs. Participants: Sixty-eight paramedic academics participated in the Delphi study, providing expert insights into curriculum design and alignment. Methods: Using the RESPIGHT framework, data extraction and analysis focused on key components crucial for paramedic readiness. The study evaluated alignment with contemporary practice standards and identified curriculum design gaps. Results: Findings indicate varying degrees of alignment across institutions, with limited integration of primary healthcare components. The study highlights the need for ongoing refinement in curriculum design to meet evolving practice demands.