Multiple Basal Cell Carcinomas Mimicking Segmental Neurofibromatosis: A Clinical Conundrum

Basal cell carcinomas (BCC) are the most common type of skin cancer, typically presented as pearly pink papules on areas of the body with chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Sporadic segmental BCC has been rarely reported in the literature and can often be mistaken for other skin conditions, such as segmental neurofibromatosis or inherited segmental basal cell nevus syndrome. A comprehensive clinical history, a detailed physical examination with dermoscopy, and maintaining a high index of suspicion for biopsy allowed us to achieve an accurate diagnosis. Initiating targeted therapy with Vismodegib resulted in rapid clinic improvement and a significant enhancement in the patient’s quality of life.