Cytogenetic Violations in Blood Lymphocytes of Macaca mulatta Monkeys in the Long Term after Irradiation with Accelerated Krypton Ions

A study has been conducted of cytogenetic violations that occur in blood lymphocytes of Macaca mulatta monkeys after local exposure of the hippocampal region to accelerated 78Kr ions at a dose of 3 Gy. Analysis revealed a low level of chromosomal aberrations in the control group of monkeys. The number of cells with chromosomal aberrations did not exceed 1.67%. The main fraction was chromatid-type aberrations. A cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes of monkeys exposed to accelerated krypton ions revealed the maximum level of chromosomal aberrations 24 h after exposure, which exceeded the control level by 2.7 times. By day 96, the number of aberrations had decreased 1.7-fold. However, it still exceeded the control level. By 460 days, some animals showed a slight increase in the number of aberrations compared to the previous observation period. Over the long term, a number of irradiated animals showed deviations from the standard behavior of monkeys. Data on chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes of monkeys and humans after in vitro irradiation with 170 MeV protons are compared. The relevance of this research is due to preparation for interplanetary manned flights.