Research of the Biomedical Effects of Electromagnetic Field in Russia over 130 Years: Main Stages of Advances in Scientific Knowledge

We have analyzed the key stages of advances in the scientific history of research into the biomedical effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) in Russia over 130 years and proved the continuity of this scientific knowledge and its passage from one generation of scientists to the next due to scientific schools, systematic research, and national scientific coordination. The article focuses mainly on the period in which planned EMF health research was formed, the basic methodological principles were founded, and scientific principles were established for understanding the nature of the biological effects of EMF and their impact on health. The basic concepts on the part of Russian scientists about the mechanism underlying the biological effects of EMF and principles of their hygienic regulation are summarized.